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| author | Jaroslav Hajek <highegg@gmail.com> |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 23 Sep 2009 12:16:06 +0200 |
| parents | 599e92aaa4c0 |
| children | 4fd71e875120 |
| rev | line source |
|---|---|
| 9352 | 1 Summary of important user-visible changes for version 3.3: |
| 2 --------------------------------------------------------- | |
| 3 | |
| 4 ** The `lookup' function was extended to be more useful for general-purpose | |
| 5 binary searching. Using this improvement, the ismember function was | |
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6 rewritten for significantly better performance. |
| 9352 | 7 |
| 8 ** Real, integer and logical matrices, when used in indexing, will now | |
| 9 cache the internal index_vector value (zero-based indices) when | |
| 10 successfully used as indices, eliminating the conversion penalty for | |
| 11 subsequent indexing by the same matrix. In particular, this means it is | |
| 12 no longer needed to avoid repeated indexing by logical arrays using | |
| 13 `find' for performance reasons. | |
| 14 | |
| 9480 | 15 ** sub2ind and ind2sub were reimplemented as compiled functions for better |
| 16 performance. These functions are now faster, can deliver more economized | |
| 17 results for ranges, and can reuse the index cache mechanism described in | |
| 18 previous paragraph. | |
| 19 | |
| 9449 | 20 ** The built-in function equivalents to associative operators (plus, times, |
| 21 mtimes, and, or) have been extended to accept multiple arguments. This | |
| 22 is especially useful for summing (multiplying, etc.) lists of objects | |
| 23 (of possibly distinct types): | |
| 9408 | 24 |
| 9449 | 25 matrix_sum = plus (matrix_list{:}); |
| 26 | |
| 27 ** The default behavior of assert (observed, expected) has been relaxed | |
| 28 to employ less strict checking that does not require the internals | |
| 29 of the values to match. This avoids previously valid tests from | |
| 30 breaking due to new internal classes introduced in future Octave | |
| 31 versions. | |
| 32 | |
| 33 For instance, all of these assertions were true in Octave 3.0.x | |
| 34 but false in 3.2.x due to new optimizations and improvements: | |
| 35 | |
| 36 assert (2*linspace (1, 5, 5), 2*(1:5)) | |
| 37 assert (zeros (0, 0), []) | |
| 38 assert (2*ones (1, 5), (2) (ones (1,5))) | |
| 9462 | 39 |
| 40 ** Function handles are now aware of overloaded functions. If a function | |
| 41 is overloaded, the handle determines at the time of its reference which | |
| 42 function to call. A non-overloaded version does not need to exist. | |
| 9408 | 43 |
| 9547 | 44 ** The operation-assignment operators +=, -=, *= and /= now behave more |
| 45 efficiently in certain cases. For instance, if m is a matrix and s | |
| 46 a scalar, then the statement | |
| 47 | |
| 48 m += s; | |
| 49 | |
| 50 will operate on m's data in-place if it is not shared by another variable, | |
| 51 usually increasing both time and memory efficiency. | |
| 52 | |
| 9558 | 53 Only selected common combinations are affected, namely: |
| 9547 | 54 |
| 55 matrix += matrix | |
| 56 matrix -= matrix | |
| 9558 | 57 matrix .*= matrix |
| 58 matrix ./= matrix | |
| 59 | |
| 9547 | 60 matrix += scalar |
| 61 matrix -= scalar | |
| 62 matrix *= scalar | |
| 63 matrix /= scalar | |
| 9558 | 64 |
| 9552 | 65 logical matrix |= logical matrix |
| 66 logical matrix &= logical matrix | |
| 9547 | 67 |
| 68 where matrix and scalar belong to the same class. The left-hand side must be | |
| 69 a simple variable reference. | |
| 9589 | 70 |
| 71 ** The effect of comparison operators (<,>,<=,>=) when applied to complex numbers | |
| 72 has changed to be consistent with the strict ordering defined by max, min and sort. | |
| 73 More specifically, complex numbers are compared by lexicographical comparison of | |
| 74 the pairs [abs(z), arg(z)]. Previously, only real parts were compared; this can be | |
| 75 trivially achieved by wrapping the operands in real(). | |
| 9547 | 76 |
| 9595 | 77 ** As a side effect of code refactoring in liboctave, the binary logical operations |
| 78 are now more easily amenable to compiler optimizations and are thus significantly | |
| 79 faster. | |
| 80 | |
| 81 ** Octave now allows user-defined subsasgn methods to optimize out redundant copies. | |
| 82 For more information, see the manual. | |
| 83 | |
| 9609 | 84 ** When evaluating nested expressions, Octave will now make some attempts to |
| 85 reuse temporary arrays instead of allocating new one for each result. | |
| 86 For instance, the expression | |
| 87 | |
| 88 -(2*a + b) | |
| 89 | |
| 90 where a and b are arrays, will now be done like this: | |
| 91 | |
| 92 allocate c | |
| 93 for all i: c(i) = 2*a(i) | |
| 94 for all i: c(i) = c(i) + b(i) | |
| 95 for all i: c(i) = -c(i) | |
| 96 c is the result | |
| 97 | |
| 98 previously, a new temporary was allocated for each intermediary result | |
| 99 | |
| 100 allocate c | |
| 101 for all i: c(i) = 2*a(i) | |
| 102 allocate d | |
| 103 for all i: d(i) = c(i) + b(i) | |
| 104 deallocate c | |
| 105 allocate e | |
| 106 for all i: e(i) = -d(i) | |
| 107 deallocate d | |
| 108 e is the result | |
| 109 | |
| 110 This will result in memory saving and less allocations, as well as a modest | |
| 111 performance improvement on most platforms. | |
| 112 Currently, only temporaries on the left-hand side of the operator can be reused, | |
| 113 as well as temporaries subject to unary operators - and !. | |
| 114 | |
| 9664 | 115 ** More efficient matrix division handling. Octave is now able to handle the expressions |
| 116 | |
| 117 M' \ v | |
| 118 M.' \ v | |
| 119 v / M | |
| 120 | |
| 121 (M is a matrix and v is a vector) more efficiently in certain cases. | |
| 122 In particular, if M is triangular, all three expressions will be handled by a single call to | |
| 123 xTRTRS, with appropriate flags. Previously, all three expressions required a physical transpose | |
| 124 of M. | |
| 125 | |
| 126 ** More efficient handling of certain mixed real-complex matrix operations. | |
| 127 For instance, if RM is a real matrix and CM a complex matrix, | |
| 128 | |
| 129 RM * CM | |
| 130 | |
| 131 can now be evaluated either as | |
| 132 | |
| 133 complex (RM * real (CM), RM * imag (CM)) | |
| 134 | |
| 135 or as | |
| 136 | |
| 137 complex (RM) * CM, | |
| 138 | |
| 139 depending on the dimensions. The 1st form requires more temporaries and copying, | |
| 140 but halves the count of FLOPs, which normally brings better performance if | |
| 141 RM has enough rows. Previously, the 2nd form was always used. | |
| 142 | |
| 143 Matrix division is similarly affected. | |
| 144 | |
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145 Summary of important user-visible changes for version 3.2: |
| 5913 | 146 --------------------------------------------------------- |
| 2452 | 147 |
| 8737 | 148 ** Compatibility with Matlab graphics has been improved. |
| 6329 | 149 |
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150 The hggroup object and associated listener callback functions have |
| 8737 | 151 been added allowing the inclusion of group objects. Data sources |
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152 have been added to these group objects such that |
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153 |
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154 x = 0:0.1:10; |
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155 y = sin (x); |
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156 plot (x, y, "ydatasource", "y"); |
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157 for i = 1 : 100 |
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158 pause(0.1) |
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159 y = sin (x + 0.1 * i); |
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160 refreshdata(); |
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161 endfor |
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162 |
| 8737 | 163 works as expected. This capability has be used to introduce |
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164 stem-series, bar-series, etc., objects for better Matlab |
| 8737 | 165 compatibility. |
| 166 | |
| 167 ** New graphics functions: | |
| 168 | |
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169 addlistener ezcontour gcbo refresh |
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170 addproperty ezcontourf ginput refreshdata |
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171 allchild ezmesh gtext specular |
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172 available_backends ezmeshc intwarning surfl |
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173 backend ezplot ishghandle trisurf |
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174 cla ezplot3 isocolors waitforbuttonpress |
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175 clabel ezpolar isonormals |
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176 comet ezsurf isosurface |
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177 dellistener findall linkprop |
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178 diffuse gcbf plotmatrix |
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179 |
| 8737 | 180 ** New experimental OpenGL/FLTK based plotting system. |
| 181 | |
| 182 An experimental plotting system based on OpenGL and the FLTK | |
| 183 toolkit is now part of Octave. This backend is disabled by | |
| 184 default. You can switch to using it with the command | |
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185 |
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186 backend ("fltk") |
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187 |
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188 for all future figures or for a particular figure with the command |
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189 |
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190 backend (h, "fltk") |
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191 |
| 8737 | 192 where "h" is a valid figure handle. Please note that this backend |
| 193 does not yet support text objects. Obviously, this is a necessary | |
| 194 feature before it can be considered usable. We are looking for | |
| 195 volunteers to help implement this missing feature. | |
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196 |
| 8737 | 197 ** Functions providing direct access to gnuplot have been removed. |
| 198 | |
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199 The functions __gnuplot_plot__, __gnuplot_set__, __gnuplot_raw__, |
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200 __gnuplot_show__, __gnuplot_replot__, __gnuplot_splot__, |
| 8737 | 201 __gnuplot_save_data__ and __gnuplot_send_inline_data__ have been |
| 202 removed from Octave. These function were incompatible with the | |
| 203 high level graphics handle code. | |
| 6329 | 204 |
| 8885 | 205 ** The Control, Finance and Quaternion functions have been removed. |
| 206 | |
| 207 These functions are now available as separate packages from | |
| 208 | |
| 209 http://octave.sourceforge.net/packages.html | |
| 210 | |
| 211 and can be reinstalled using the Octave package manager (see | |
| 212 the pkg function). | |
| 213 | |
| 214 ** Specific sparse matrix functions removed. | |
| 215 | |
| 216 The following functions, which handled only sparse matrices have | |
| 217 been removed. Instead of calling these functions directly, you | |
| 218 should use the corresponding function without the "sp" prefix. | |
| 8737 | 219 |
| 8885 | 220 spatan2 spcumsum spkron spprod |
| 221 spchol spdet splchol spqr | |
| 222 spchol2inv spdiag splu spsum | |
| 223 spcholinv spfind spmax spsumsqk | |
| 224 spcumprod spinv spmin | |
| 225 | |
| 226 ** Improvements to the debugger. | |
| 227 | |
| 228 The interactive debugging features have been improved. Stopping | |
| 229 on statements with dbstop should work correctly now. Stepping | |
| 230 into and over functions, and stepping one statement at a time | |
| 231 (with dbstep) now works. Moving up and down the call stack with | |
| 232 dbup and dbdown now works. The dbstack function is now available | |
| 233 to print the current function call stack. The new dbquit function | |
| 234 is available to exit the debugging mode. | |
| 235 | |
| 236 ** Improved traceback error messages. | |
| 237 | |
| 238 Traceback error messages are much more concise and easier to | |
| 239 understand. They now display information about the function call | |
| 240 stack instead of the stack of all statements that were active at | |
| 241 the point of the error. | |
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242 |
| 8737 | 243 ** Object Oriented Programming. |
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244 |
| 8737 | 245 Octave now includes OOP features and the user can create their own |
| 246 class objects and overloaded functions and operators. For | |
| 247 example, all methods of a class called "myclass" will be found in | |
| 248 a directory "@myclass" on the users path. The class specific | |
| 249 versions of functions and operators take precedence over the | |
| 250 generic versions of these functions. | |
| 251 | |
| 252 New functions related to OOP include | |
| 7189 | 253 |
| 8737 | 254 class inferiorto isobject loadobj methods superiorto |
| 255 | |
| 256 See the Octave manual for more details. | |
| 7038 | 257 |
| 8747 | 258 ** Parsing of Command-style Functions. |
| 259 | |
| 260 Octave now parses command-style functions without needing to first | |
| 261 declare them with "mark_as_command". The rules for recognizing a | |
| 262 command-style function calls are | |
| 263 | |
| 264 * A command must appear as the first word in a statement, | |
| 265 followed by a space. | |
| 266 | |
| 267 * The first character after the space must not be '=' or '(' | |
| 268 | |
| 269 * The next token after the space must not look like a binary | |
| 270 operator. | |
| 271 | |
| 272 These rules should be mostly compatible with the way Matlab parses | |
| 273 command-style function calls and allow users to define commands in | |
| 274 .m files without having to mark them as commands. | |
| 275 | |
| 276 Note that previous versions of Octave allowed expressions like | |
| 277 | |
| 278 x = load -text foo.dat | |
| 279 | |
| 280 but an expression like this will now generate a parse error. In | |
| 281 order to assign the value returned by a function to a variable, | |
| 282 you must use the normal function call syntax: | |
| 283 | |
| 284 x = load ("-text", "foo.dat"); | |
| 285 | |
| 8737 | 286 ** Block comments. |
| 287 | |
| 8747 | 288 Commented code can be between matching "#{" and "#}" or "%{" and |
| 289 "%}" markers, even if the commented code spans several line. This | |
| 290 allows blocks code to be commented, without needing to comment | |
| 291 each line. For example, | |
| 5814 | 292 |
| 8747 | 293 function [s, t] = func (x, y) |
| 294 s = 2 * x; | |
| 295 #{ | |
| 296 s *= y; | |
| 297 t = y + x; | |
| 298 #} | |
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299 endfunction |
| 5814 | 300 |
| 8747 | 301 the lines "s *= y;" and "t = y + x" will not be executed. |
| 8737 | 302 |
| 303 ** Special treatment in the parser of expressions like "a' * b". | |
| 2452 | 304 |
| 8737 | 305 In these cases the transpose is no longer explicitly formed and |
| 306 BLAS libraries are called with the transpose flagged, | |
| 307 significantly improving performance for these kinds of | |
| 308 operations. | |
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309 |
| 8737 | 310 ** Single Precision data type. |
| 2452 | 311 |
| 8737 | 312 Octave now includes a single precision data type. Single |
| 313 precision variables can be created with the "single" command, or | |
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314 from functions like ones, eye, etc. For example, |
| 5995 | 315 |
| 8737 | 316 single (1) |
| 317 ones (2, 2, "single") | |
| 318 zeros (2, 2, "single") | |
| 319 eye (2, 2, "single") | |
| 320 Inf (2, 2, "single") | |
| 321 NaN (2, 2, "single") | |
| 322 NA (2, 2, "single") | |
| 7279 | 323 |
| 8737 | 324 all create single precision variables. For compatibility with |
| 325 Matlab, mixed double/single precision operators and functions | |
| 326 return single precision types. | |
| 327 | |
| 328 As a consequence of this addition to Octave the internal | |
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329 representation of the double precision NA value has changed, and |
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330 so users that make use of data generated by Octave with R or |
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331 visa-versa are warned that compatibility might not be assured. |
| 7279 | 332 |
| 8737 | 333 ** Improved array indexing. |
| 334 | |
| 335 The underlying code used for indexing of arrays has been | |
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336 completely rewritten and indexing is now significantly faster. |
| 8737 | 337 |
| 8755 | 338 ** Improved memory management. |
| 339 | |
| 340 Octave will now attempt to share data in some cases where previously | |
| 341 a copy would be made, such as certain array slicing operations or | |
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342 conversions between cells, structs and cs-lists. This usually reduces |
| 8755 | 343 both time and memory consumption. |
| 9128 | 344 Also, Octave will now attempt to detect and optimize usage of a vector |
| 345 as a stack, when elements are being repeatedly inserted at/removed from | |
| 346 the end of the vector. | |
| 8755 | 347 |
| 8738 | 348 ** Improved performance for reduction operations. |
| 349 | |
| 8755 | 350 The performance of the sum, prod, sumsq, cumsum, cumprod, any, all, |
| 351 max and min functions has been significantly improved. | |
| 8738 | 352 |
| 9006 | 353 ** Sorting and searching. |
| 354 | |
| 355 The performance of sort has been improved, especially when sorting | |
| 356 indices are requested. An efficient built-in issorted implementation | |
| 357 was added. sortrows now uses a more efficient algorithm, especially | |
| 358 in the homegeneous case. lookup is now a built-in function performing | |
| 359 a binary search, optimized for long runs of close elements. Lookup | |
| 360 also works with cell arrays of strings. | |
| 361 | |
| 362 ** Range arithmetics | |
| 363 | |
| 364 For some operations on ranges, Octave will attempt to keep the result as a | |
| 365 range. These include negation, adding a scalar, subtracting a scalar, and | |
| 366 multiplying by a scalar. Ranges with zero increment are allowed and can be | |
| 367 constructed using the built-in function `ones'. | |
| 368 | |
| 369 ** Various performance improvements. | |
| 370 | |
| 371 Performance of a number of other built-in operations and functions was | |
| 372 improved, including: | |
| 373 | |
| 374 * logical operations | |
| 375 * comparison operators | |
| 376 * element-wise power | |
| 377 * accumarray | |
| 378 * cellfun | |
| 379 * isnan | |
| 380 * isinf | |
| 381 * isfinite | |
| 382 * nchoosek | |
| 383 * repmat | |
| 384 * strcmp | |
| 385 | |
| 8737 | 386 ** 64-bit integer arithmetic. |
| 387 | |
| 388 Arithmetic with 64-bit integers (int64 and uint64 types) is fully | |
| 389 supported, with saturation semantics like the other integer types. | |
| 390 Performance of most integer arithmetic operations has been | |
| 391 improved by using integer arithmetic directly. Previously, Octave | |
| 392 performed integer math with saturation semantics by converting the | |
| 393 operands to double precision, performing the operation, and then | |
| 394 converting the result back to an integer value, truncating if | |
| 395 necessary. | |
| 396 | |
| 8885 | 397 ** Diagonal and permutation matrices. |
| 398 | |
| 399 The interpreter can now treat diagonal and permutation matrices as | |
| 400 special objects that store only the non-zero elements, rather than | |
| 401 general full matrices. Therefore, it is now possible to construct | |
| 402 and use these matrices in linear algebra without suffering a | |
| 403 performance penalty due to storing large numbers of zero elements. | |
| 404 | |
| 405 ** Improvements to fsolve. | |
| 406 | |
| 407 The fsolve function now accepts an option structure argument (see | |
| 408 also the optimset function). The INFO values returned from fsolve | |
| 409 have changed to be compatible with Matlab's fsolve function. | |
| 410 Additionally, fsolve is now able to solve overdetermined systems, | |
| 411 complex-differentiable complex systems, systems with a sparse | |
| 412 jacobian and can work in single precision if given single precision | |
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413 inputs. It can also be called recursively. |
| 8885 | 414 |
| 8737 | 415 ** Improvements to the norm function. |
| 416 | |
| 417 The norm function is now able to compute row or column norms of a | |
| 418 matrix in a single call, as well as general matrix p-norms. | |
| 419 | |
| 420 ** New functions for computing some eigenvalues or singular values. | |
| 421 | |
| 422 The eigs and svds functions have been included in Octave. These | |
| 423 functions require the ARPACK library (now distributed under a | |
| 424 GPL-compatible license). | |
| 425 | |
| 426 ** New QR and Cholesky factorization updating functions. | |
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427 |
| 8737 | 428 choldelete cholshift qrdelete qrshift |
| 429 cholinsert cholupdate qrinsert qrupdate | |
| 430 | |
| 431 ** New quadrature functions. | |
| 432 | |
| 433 dblquad quadgk quadv triplequad | |
| 434 | |
| 8885 | 435 ** New functions for reading and writing images. |
| 436 | |
| 437 The imwrite and imread functions have been included in Octave. | |
| 438 These functions require the GraphicsMagick library. The new | |
| 439 function imfinfo provides information about an image file (size, | |
| 440 type, colors, etc.) | |
| 441 | |
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442 ** The input_event_hook function has been replaced by the pair of |
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443 functions add_input_event_hook and remove_input_event_hook so that |
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444 more than one hook function may be installed at a time. |
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445 |
| 8737 | 446 ** Other miscellaneous new functions. |
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447 |
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448 addtodate hypot reallog |
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449 bicgstab idivide realpow |
| 9006 | 450 cellslices info realsqrt |
| 451 cgs interp1q rectint | |
| 452 command_line_path isdebugmode regexptranslate | |
| 453 contrast isfloat restoredefaultpath | |
| 454 convn isstrprop roundb | |
| 455 cummin log1p rundemos | |
| 456 cummax lsqnonneg runlength | |
| 457 datetick matlabroot saveobj | |
| 458 display namelengthmax spaugment | |
| 459 expm1 nargoutchk strchr | |
| 460 filemarker pathdef strvcat | |
| 461 fstat perl subspace | |
| 462 full prctile symvar | |
| 463 fzero quantile treelayout | |
| 464 genvarname re_read_readline_init_file validatestring | |
| 465 histc | |
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466 |
| 8885 | 467 ** Changes to strcat. |
| 468 | |
| 469 The strcat function is now compatible with Matlab's strcat | |
| 470 function, which removes trailing whitespace when concatenating | |
| 471 character strings. For example | |
| 472 | |
| 473 strcat ('foo ', 'bar') | |
| 474 ==> 'foobar' | |
| 475 | |
| 476 The new function cstrcat provides the previous behavior of | |
| 477 Octave's strcat. | |
| 478 | |
| 479 ** Improvements to the help functions. | |
| 480 | |
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481 The help system has been mostly re-implemented in .m files to make |
| 8885 | 482 it easier to modify. Performance of the lookfor function has been |
| 483 greatly improved by caching the help text from all functions that | |
| 484 are distributed with Octave. The pkg function has been modified | |
| 485 to generate cache files for external packages when they are | |
| 486 installed. | |
| 487 | |
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488 ** Deprecated functions. |
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489 |
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490 The following functions were deprecated in Octave 3.0 and will be |
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491 removed in Octave 3.4 (or whatever version is the second major |
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492 release after 3.0): |
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493 |
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494 beta_cdf geometric_pdf pascal_pdf |
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495 beta_inv geometric_rnd pascal_rnd |
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496 beta_pdf hypergeometric_cdf poisson_cdf |
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497 beta_rnd hypergeometric_inv poisson_inv |
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498 binomial_cdf hypergeometric_pdf poisson_pdf |
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499 binomial_inv hypergeometric_rnd poisson_rnd |
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500 binomial_pdf intersection polyinteg |
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501 binomial_rnd is_bool setstr |
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502 chisquare_cdf is_complex struct_contains |
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503 chisquare_inv is_list struct_elements |
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504 chisquare_pdf is_matrix t_cdf |
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505 chisquare_rnd is_scalar t_inv |
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506 clearplot is_square t_pdf |
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507 clg is_stream t_rnd |
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508 com2str is_struct uniform_cdf |
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509 exponential_cdf is_symmetric uniform_inv |
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510 exponential_inv is_vector uniform_pdf |
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511 exponential_pdf isstr uniform_rnd |
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512 exponential_rnd lognormal_cdf weibcdf |
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513 f_cdf lognormal_inv weibinv |
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514 f_inv lognormal_pdf weibpdf |
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515 f_pdf lognormal_rnd weibrnd |
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516 f_rnd meshdom weibull_cdf |
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517 gamma_cdf normal_cdf weibull_inv |
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518 gamma_inv normal_inv weibull_pdf |
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519 gamma_pdf normal_pdf weibull_rnd |
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520 gamma_rnd normal_rnd wiener_rnd |
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521 geometric_cdf pascal_cdf |
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522 geometric_inv pascal_inv |
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523 |
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524 The following functions are now deprecated in Octave 3.2 and will |
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525 be removed in Octave 3.6 (or whatever version is the second major |
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526 release after 3.2): |
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527 |
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528 create_set spcholinv spmax |
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529 dmult spcumprod spmin |
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530 iscommand spcumsum spprod |
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531 israwcommand spdet spqr |
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532 lchol spdiag spsum |
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533 loadimage spfind spsumsq |
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534 mark_as_command spinv str2mat |
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535 mark_as_rawcommand spkron unmark_command |
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536 spatan2 splchol unmark_rawcommand |
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537 spchol split |
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538 spchol2inv splu |
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539 |
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540 See NEWS.3 for old news. |