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annotate lib/c-stack.c @ 11505:a051fb724013

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vc-list-files: fix another quoting bug * build-aux/vc-list-files: Avoid sed backslash expansion of pathological directory names.
author Jim Meyering <meyering@redhat.com>
date Sat, 25 Apr 2009 15:32:33 +0200
parents ddb65537c2d0
children 909daff94315
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1 /* Stack overflow handling.
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2
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3 Copyright (C) 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2009 Free Software
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4 Foundation, Inc.
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5
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6 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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7 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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8 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
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9 (at your option) any later version.
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10
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11 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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12 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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13 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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14 GNU General Public License for more details.
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15
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16 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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17 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
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18
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19 /* Written by Paul Eggert. */
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20
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21 /* NOTES:
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22
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23 A program that uses alloca, dynamic arrays, or large local
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24 variables may extend the stack by more than a page at a time. If
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25 so, when the stack overflows the operating system may not detect
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26 the overflow until the program uses the array, and this module may
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27 incorrectly report a program error instead of a stack overflow.
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28
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29 To avoid this problem, allocate only small objects on the stack; a
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30 program should be OK if it limits single allocations to a page or
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31 less. Allocate larger arrays in static storage, or on the heap
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32 (e.g., with malloc). Yes, this is a pain, but we don't know of any
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33 better solution that is portable.
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34
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35 No attempt has been made to deal with multithreaded applications. */
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36
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37 #include <config.h>
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38
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39 #ifndef __attribute__
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40 # if __GNUC__ < 3
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41 # define __attribute__(x)
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42 # endif
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43 #endif
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44
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45 #include "gettext.h"
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46 #define _(msgid) gettext (msgid)
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47
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48 #include <errno.h>
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49 #ifndef ENOTSUP
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50 # define ENOTSUP EINVAL
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51 #endif
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52
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53 #include <signal.h>
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54 #if ! HAVE_STACK_T && ! defined stack_t
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55 typedef struct sigaltstack stack_t;
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56 #endif
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57 #ifndef SIGSTKSZ
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58 # define SIGSTKSZ 16384
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59 #endif
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60
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61 #include <stdlib.h>
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62 #include <string.h>
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63
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64 /* Posix 2001 declares ucontext_t in <ucontext.h>, Posix 200x in
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65 <signal.h>. */
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66 #if HAVE_UCONTEXT_H
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67 # include <ucontext.h>
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68 #endif
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69
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70 #include <unistd.h>
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71
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72 #if HAVE_LIBSIGSEGV
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73 # include <sigsegv.h>
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74 #endif
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75
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76 #include "c-stack.h"
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77 #include "exitfail.h"
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78
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79 #if defined SA_ONSTACK && defined SA_SIGINFO
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80 # define SIGACTION_WORKS 1
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81 #else
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82 # define SIGACTION_WORKS 0
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83 # ifndef SA_ONSTACK
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84 # define SA_ONSTACK 0
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85 # endif
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86 #endif
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87
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88 extern char *program_name;
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89
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90 /* The user-specified action to take when a SEGV-related program error
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91 or stack overflow occurs. */
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92 static void (* volatile segv_action) (int);
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93
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94 /* Translated messages for program errors and stack overflow. Do not
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95 translate them in the signal handler, since gettext is not
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96 async-signal-safe. */
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97 static char const * volatile program_error_message;
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98 static char const * volatile stack_overflow_message;
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99
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100 /* Output an error message, then exit with status EXIT_FAILURE if it
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101 appears to have been a stack overflow, or with a core dump
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102 otherwise. This function is async-signal-safe. */
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103
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104 static void die (int) __attribute__ ((noreturn));
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105 static void
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106 die (int signo)
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107 {
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108 char const *message;
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109 segv_action (signo);
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110 message = signo ? program_error_message : stack_overflow_message;
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111 write (STDERR_FILENO, program_name, strlen (program_name));
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112 write (STDERR_FILENO, ": ", 2);
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113 write (STDERR_FILENO, message, strlen (message));
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114 write (STDERR_FILENO, "\n", 1);
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115 if (! signo)
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116 _exit (exit_failure);
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117 raise (signo);
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118 abort ();
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119 }
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120
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121 #if (HAVE_SIGALTSTACK && HAVE_DECL_SIGALTSTACK \
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122 && HAVE_STACK_OVERFLOW_HANDLING) || HAVE_LIBSIGSEGV
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123
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124 /* Storage for the alternate signal stack. */
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125 static union
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126 {
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127 char buffer[SIGSTKSZ];
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128
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129 /* These other members are for proper alignment. There's no
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130 standard way to guarantee stack alignment, but this seems enough
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131 in practice. */
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132 long double ld;
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133 long l;
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134 void *p;
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135 } alternate_signal_stack;
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136
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137 static void
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138 null_action (int signo __attribute__ ((unused)))
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139 {
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140 }
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141
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142 #endif /* SIGALTSTACK || LIBSIGSEGV */
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143
adfc5a204195 Make c-stack use libsigsegv, when available.
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144 /* Only use libsigsegv if we need it; platforms like Solaris can
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145 detect stack overflow without the overhead of an external
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146 library. */
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147 #if HAVE_LIBSIGSEGV && ! HAVE_XSI_STACK_OVERFLOW_HEURISTIC
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148
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149 /* Nonzero if general segv handler could not be installed. */
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150 static volatile int segv_handler_missing;
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151
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152 /* Handle a segmentation violation and exit if it cannot be stack
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Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
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153 overflow. This function is async-signal-safe. */
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154
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155 static int segv_handler (void *address __attribute__ ((unused)),
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156 int serious)
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157 {
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158 # if DEBUG
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159 {
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160 char buf[1024];
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161 sprintf (buf, "segv_handler serious=%d\n", serious);
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162 write (STDERR_FILENO, buf, strlen (buf));
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163 }
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164 # endif
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165
adfc5a204195 Make c-stack use libsigsegv, when available.
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166 /* If this fault is not serious, return 0 to let the stack overflow
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diff changeset
167 handler take a shot at it. */
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168 if (!serious)
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169 return 0;
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170 die (SIGSEGV);
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171 }
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172
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173 /* Handle a segmentation violation that is likely to be a stack
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Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
parents: 10230
diff changeset
174 overflow and exit. This function is async-signal-safe. */
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175
adfc5a204195 Make c-stack use libsigsegv, when available.
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176 static void overflow_handler (int, stackoverflow_context_t)
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177 __attribute__ ((noreturn));
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178 static void
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179 overflow_handler (int emergency,
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180 stackoverflow_context_t context __attribute__ ((unused)))
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181 {
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182 # if DEBUG
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183 {
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184 char buf[1024];
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185 sprintf (buf, "overflow_handler emergency=%d segv_handler_missing=%d\n",
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diff changeset
186 emergency, segv_handler_missing);
adfc5a204195 Make c-stack use libsigsegv, when available.
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187 write (STDERR_FILENO, buf, strlen (buf));
adfc5a204195 Make c-stack use libsigsegv, when available.
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188 }
adfc5a204195 Make c-stack use libsigsegv, when available.
Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
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189 # endif
adfc5a204195 Make c-stack use libsigsegv, when available.
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190
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diff changeset
191 die ((!emergency || segv_handler_missing) ? 0 : SIGSEGV);
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192 }
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193
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Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
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194 int
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Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
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195 c_stack_action (void (*action) (int))
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diff changeset
196 {
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197 segv_action = action ? action : null_action;
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198 program_error_message = _("program error");
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diff changeset
199 stack_overflow_message = _("stack overflow");
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200
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diff changeset
201 /* Always install the overflow handler. */
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diff changeset
202 if (stackoverflow_install_handler (overflow_handler,
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Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
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diff changeset
203 alternate_signal_stack.buffer,
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Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
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diff changeset
204 sizeof alternate_signal_stack.buffer))
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205 {
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diff changeset
206 errno = ENOTSUP;
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diff changeset
207 return -1;
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diff changeset
208 }
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209 /* Try installing a general handler; if it fails, then treat all
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Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
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diff changeset
210 segv as stack overflow. */
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diff changeset
211 segv_handler_missing = sigsegv_install_handler (segv_handler);
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diff changeset
212 return 0;
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diff changeset
213 }
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Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
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diff changeset
214
10358
37fd490ee38d c-stack: test that stack overflow can be caught
Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
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diff changeset
215 #elif HAVE_SIGALTSTACK && HAVE_DECL_SIGALTSTACK && HAVE_STACK_OVERFLOW_HANDLING
3902
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216
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217 /* Direction of the C runtime stack. This function is
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parents:
diff changeset
218 async-signal-safe. */
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219
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parents:
diff changeset
220 # if STACK_DIRECTION
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221 # define find_stack_direction(ptr) STACK_DIRECTION
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222 # else
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diff changeset
223 static int
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diff changeset
224 find_stack_direction (char const *addr)
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diff changeset
225 {
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226 char dummy;
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227 return ! addr ? find_stack_direction (&dummy) : addr < &dummy ? 1 : -1;
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diff changeset
228 }
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diff changeset
229 # endif
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diff changeset
230
4969
0db24850c598 Fix c-stack.c portability bug on IRIX 5.3.
Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
parents: 4915
diff changeset
231 # if SIGACTION_WORKS
3902
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diff changeset
232
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parents:
diff changeset
233 /* Handle a segmentation violation and exit. This function is
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parents:
diff changeset
234 async-signal-safe. */
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parents:
diff changeset
235
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parents:
diff changeset
236 static void segv_handler (int, siginfo_t *, void *) __attribute__((noreturn));
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parents:
diff changeset
237 static void
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parents:
diff changeset
238 segv_handler (int signo, siginfo_t *info,
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Jim Meyering <jim@meyering.net>
parents:
diff changeset
239 void *context __attribute__ ((unused)))
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
Jim Meyering <jim@meyering.net>
parents:
diff changeset
240 {
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parents:
diff changeset
241 /* Clear SIGNO if it seems to have been a stack overflow. */
11077
ddb65537c2d0 On HP-UX, don't pretend it was a SIGSEGV when it was a stack overflow.
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parents: 11049
diff changeset
242 # if ! HAVE_XSI_STACK_OVERFLOW_HEURISTIC
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parents: 11049
diff changeset
243 /* We can't easily determine whether it is a stack overflow; so
ddb65537c2d0 On HP-UX, don't pretend it was a SIGSEGV when it was a stack overflow.
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parents: 11049
diff changeset
244 assume that the rest of our program is perfect (!) and that
ddb65537c2d0 On HP-UX, don't pretend it was a SIGSEGV when it was a stack overflow.
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parents: 11049
diff changeset
245 this segmentation violation is a stack overflow.
ddb65537c2d0 On HP-UX, don't pretend it was a SIGSEGV when it was a stack overflow.
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parents: 11049
diff changeset
246
ddb65537c2d0 On HP-UX, don't pretend it was a SIGSEGV when it was a stack overflow.
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parents: 11049
diff changeset
247 Note that although both Linux and Solaris provide
ddb65537c2d0 On HP-UX, don't pretend it was a SIGSEGV when it was a stack overflow.
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parents: 11049
diff changeset
248 sigaltstack, SA_ONSTACK, and SA_SIGINFO, currently only
ddb65537c2d0 On HP-UX, don't pretend it was a SIGSEGV when it was a stack overflow.
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parents: 11049
diff changeset
249 Solaris satisfies the XSI heueristic. This is because
ddb65537c2d0 On HP-UX, don't pretend it was a SIGSEGV when it was a stack overflow.
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parents: 11049
diff changeset
250 Solaris populates uc_stack with the details of the
ddb65537c2d0 On HP-UX, don't pretend it was a SIGSEGV when it was a stack overflow.
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parents: 11049
diff changeset
251 interrupted stack, while Linux populates it with the details
ddb65537c2d0 On HP-UX, don't pretend it was a SIGSEGV when it was a stack overflow.
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parents: 11049
diff changeset
252 of the current stack. */
ddb65537c2d0 On HP-UX, don't pretend it was a SIGSEGV when it was a stack overflow.
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diff changeset
253 signo = 0;
ddb65537c2d0 On HP-UX, don't pretend it was a SIGSEGV when it was a stack overflow.
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parents: 11049
diff changeset
254 # else
3902
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diff changeset
255 if (0 < info->si_code)
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Jim Meyering <jim@meyering.net>
parents:
diff changeset
256 {
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
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parents:
diff changeset
257 /* If the faulting address is within the stack, or within one
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
Jim Meyering <jim@meyering.net>
parents:
diff changeset
258 page of the stack end, assume that it is a stack
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
Jim Meyering <jim@meyering.net>
parents:
diff changeset
259 overflow. */
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
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parents:
diff changeset
260 ucontext_t const *user_context = context;
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
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parents:
diff changeset
261 char const *stack_base = user_context->uc_stack.ss_sp;
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
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parents:
diff changeset
262 size_t stack_size = user_context->uc_stack.ss_size;
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
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parents:
diff changeset
263 char const *faulting_address = info->si_addr;
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
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parents:
diff changeset
264 size_t s = faulting_address - stack_base;
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
Jim Meyering <jim@meyering.net>
parents:
diff changeset
265 size_t page_size = sysconf (_SC_PAGESIZE);
10230
54813304edd2 Use sigaction module rather than signal().
Eric Blake <ebb9@byu.net>
parents: 10214
diff changeset
266 if (find_stack_direction (NULL) < 0)
3902
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
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parents:
diff changeset
267 s += page_size;
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
Jim Meyering <jim@meyering.net>
parents:
diff changeset
268 if (s < stack_size + page_size)
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
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parents:
diff changeset
269 signo = 0;
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
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parents:
diff changeset
270
4915
7994c15009db Merge from diffutils.
Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
parents: 3921
diff changeset
271 # if DEBUG
3902
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
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parents:
diff changeset
272 {
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diff changeset
273 char buf[1024];
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parents:
diff changeset
274 sprintf (buf,
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Jim Meyering <jim@meyering.net>
parents:
diff changeset
275 "segv_handler fault=%p base=%p size=%lx page=%lx signo=%d\n",
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
Jim Meyering <jim@meyering.net>
parents:
diff changeset
276 faulting_address, stack_base, (unsigned long) stack_size,
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
Jim Meyering <jim@meyering.net>
parents:
diff changeset
277 (unsigned long) page_size, signo);
f26afed46772 New file, from diffutils-2.8.2.
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parents:
diff changeset
278 write (STDERR_FILENO, buf, strlen (buf));
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parents:
diff changeset
279 }
4915
7994c15009db Merge from diffutils.
Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
parents: 3921
diff changeset
280 # endif
11077
ddb65537c2d0 On HP-UX, don't pretend it was a SIGSEGV when it was a stack overflow.
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parents: 11049
diff changeset
281 }
3902
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282 # endif
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283
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284 die (signo);
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285 }
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286 # endif
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287
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288 int
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289 c_stack_action (void (*action) (int))
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290 {
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291 int r;
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292 stack_t st;
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293 struct sigaction act;
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294 st.ss_flags = 0;
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295 # if SIGALTSTACK_SS_REVERSED
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296 /* Irix mistakenly treats ss_sp as the upper bound, rather than
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297 lower bound, of the alternate stack. */
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298 st.ss_sp = alternate_signal_stack.buffer + SIGSTKSZ - sizeof (void *);
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299 st.ss_size = sizeof alternate_signal_stack.buffer - sizeof (void *);
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300 # else
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301 st.ss_sp = alternate_signal_stack.buffer;
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302 st.ss_size = sizeof alternate_signal_stack.buffer;
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303 # endif
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304 r = sigaltstack (&st, NULL);
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305 if (r != 0)
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306 return r;
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307
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308 segv_action = action ? action : null_action;
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309 program_error_message = _("program error");
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310 stack_overflow_message = _("stack overflow");
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311
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312 sigemptyset (&act.sa_mask);
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313
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314 # if SIGACTION_WORKS
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315 /* POSIX 1003.1-2001 says SA_RESETHAND implies SA_NODEFER, but
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316 this is not true on Solaris 8 at least. It doesn't hurt to use
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317 SA_NODEFER here, so leave it in. */
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318 act.sa_flags = SA_NODEFER | SA_ONSTACK | SA_RESETHAND | SA_SIGINFO;
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319 act.sa_sigaction = segv_handler;
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320 # else
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321 act.sa_flags = SA_NODEFER | SA_ONSTACK | SA_RESETHAND;
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322 act.sa_handler = die;
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323 # endif
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324
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325 # if FAULT_YIELDS_SIGBUS
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326 if (sigaction (SIGBUS, &act, NULL) < 0)
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327 return -1;
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328 # endif
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329 return sigaction (SIGSEGV, &act, NULL);
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330 }
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331
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332 #else /* ! ((HAVE_SIGALTSTACK && HAVE_DECL_SIGALTSTACK
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333 && HAVE_STACK_OVERFLOW_HANDLING) || HAVE_LIBSIGSEGV) */
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334
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335 int
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336 c_stack_action (void (*action) (int) __attribute__ ((unused)))
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337 {
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338 errno = ENOTSUP;
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339 return -1;
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340 }
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341
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342 #endif